Friday, September 19, 2014

Memorable Quotes

This post will be continuously updating one, with updates whenever I come across an excellent quote.

1. Andrew Marvell
But at my back I always hear
Time's winged chariot hurrying near

2. William Wordsworth
Bliss it was in that dawn to be alive,
But to be young was very heaven!

3. Philip Mason

Empires are not made by men who see both sides of a question


Wednesday, September 17, 2014

Intellectual Wavering in Old Age



Firmness in believing what one considers to be true, must be related to one's age in a simple-harmonic way. When you are too young, you are vulnerable to inculcation from authority-figures. The thought of questioning them is unthinkable and doing so portrayed as a bad trait. When one grows into an adult, one is self-sufficient, clear in thought (at least some) and is free to believe what one thinks is true. When this same person enters old age, the faculty of free thought is seen to be wilting in many people. Atheists may suddenly turn into diehard believers, creating a shot in the arm for believers to accuse rationalists of the fickleness of their thought.

The reason for change in old ages is not that the person suddenly stumbling upon the truth in light of the experience he has accumulated. This is explainable only upon the basis of physical and mental health, which deteriorates in advanced age. When you are no longer able to move from place to place, when you are ridden with diseases, when you are not economically self-sufficient, you lose the power to see reason. The old man has only one aim in life – to prolong at, whatever be the cost. So, the recantation of earlier ideas is the result of the helplessness originating from a deformed mind, and not because one’s earlier ideas were false.

Sunday, September 14, 2014

Response to Vijay Prashad's Article

The following is the response to Vijay Prashad's article on the Hindu citing economic reasons for the surge in ISIS violence in Iraq. 
-------------------------
Vijay Prashad’s article on ‘The Pendulum of the Islamic State’ on the The Hindu dated 06-09-2014 was thoroughly informative on the status quo of the conflict between IS and the Iraqi – Syrian regimes. Apart from that, it was a futile and totally off-the-mark assessment of what really caused the uprising. Prashad’s accusation of the ‘neo-liberal policies that increased inequality and despair and corruption’ is an oversimplified analysis of a vexing issue. Forest fires are more rampant in those years when ice-cream sales soar, but do ice-creams cause forest fires?

When it comes to violence motivated by religious ideology, we have consistently been reluctant to point the finger at the real culprit – fanaticism. People’s conception of what their religion teaches – real or perceived – is the cause of so much killing. Unless we identify the real reason, whatever we may do will turn out to be ineffective. Of course, there is repression, inequality and despair in Iraq or Syria, but not in these states alone! They are everywhere, in India, in Africa or even in America, but nowhere there is a conflagration which can even remotely be compared in scale to the atrocities of IS. We have to accept religious fanaticism as the motive. What else might be the reason that prompts educated young men from affluent backgrounds in India and Europe to travel to Iraq to take part in the fight on IS’ behalf? The perpetrators of 9/11 were also rich and educated young men with decent family backgrounds. “With or without religion, good people do good and bad people do bad, but for good people to do bad, that takes religion” as Steven Weinberg once remarked.

Unless we recognize religious fanaticism as the root cause of the present violence in the world and indoctrination from a young age as the way in which it is cultivated, nothing good will come out of wasting newspaper space for irrelevant articles like the one mentioned above, which itself is suspected to be of the product of another kind of fanaticism – the political!

Saturday, August 9, 2014

Understanded

I was dumbfounded when I first encountered this word in a respectable printed text other than the homework notebooks of some of my primary schoolmates. It was a revelation to note that such a word do exist! It is an archaic form of the past participle of 'understand'. This was first and only seen in Arnold Toynbee's 'A Study of History, Vol 5, The Disintegrations of Civilizations Part 1'. In fact, Toynbee uses this word three times in this volume.

1) "His Aramaic preaching would have been understanded of the people from Judaea and Mesopotamia and Adiabene, while his Greek preaching might have been partially intelligible to those from Crete and Cyrene and Pamphylia" (p.490)

2) "Another weakness of Philosophy as a rival to religion is the proneness of Philosophy to address itself to an intellectual elite within the Dominant Minority and to deliver its message in the elaborate and sophisticated terms which will commend it to these cultivated minds, but which, by the same token, will hardly be understanded of the people at large, outside this narrow circle" (p.559)

3) "The formal equality at law between the respective ecclesiastical establishments of the two kingdoms has been symbolized, in a fashion that can be 'understanded of the people' on both sides of the border" (p.711) 


Toynbee uses this word in the sixth volume of the series too.

1) This laicity of the Gods was taken so much in earnest that in a Mahayanian sutra a chapter in which the Mahayanian Buddhist doctrine is expounded in exoteric terms that can be understanded of the people is formally addressed to the Gods, as a hint that it is an 'oeuvre de vulgarisation'. (Vol 6, p.20 footnote)

Sunday, July 20, 2014

FIFA World Cup 2014 - Viewed Matches

A record of matches viewed live in the 2014 World Cup.

1. Brazil - Croatia 

(13.6.14, 01.30, Sao Paulo)
3-1 [1-1]

Marcelo (11) [OG] CRO
Neymar (29) BRA
Neymar [P] (71) BRA
Oscar (90+1) BRA

2. Mexico - Cameroon
(13.6.14, 21.30, Natal)
1-0 [0-0]

Peralta (61) MEX

3. Spain - Holland
(14.6.14, 00.30, Salvador)
1-5 [1-1]

Xabi Alonso [P] (27) ESP
Van Persie (44) HOL
Robben (53) HOL
De Vrij (64) HOL
Van Persie (72) HOL
Robben (80) HOL

4. Colombia - Greece
(14.6.14, 21.30, Belo Horizonte)
3-0 [1-0]

Armero (5) COL
Gutierrez (58) COL
Rodriguez (90+3) COL

5. England - Italy
(15.6.14, 03.30, Manaus)

1-2 [1-1]

Marchisio (35) ITA
Sturridge (37) ENG
Balotelli (50) ITA

6. Switzerland - Ecuador
(15.6.14, 21.30, Brasilia)
2-1 [0-1]

Valencia (22) ECU
Mehmedi (48) SWI
Seferovic (90+3) SWI

7. Germany - Portugal
(16.6.14, 21.30, Salvador)
4-0 [3-0]

Mueller [P] (11) GER
Hummels (32) GER
Mueller (45+1) GER
Mueller (78) GER

8. Belgium - Algeria
(17.6.14, 21.30, Belo Horizonte)
2-1 [0-1]

Feghouli [P] (25) ALG
Fellaini (70) BEL
Mertens (80) BEL

9. Brazil - Mexico
(18.6.14, 00.30, Fortaleza)
0-0

10. Australia - Holland
(18.6.14, 21.30, Porto Allegre)
2-3 [1-1]

Robben (20) HOL
Cahill (21) AUS
Jedinak [P] (54) AUS
Van Persie (58) HOL
Depay (68) HOL

11. Uruguay - England
(20.6.14, 00.30, Sao Paulo)
2-1 [1-0]

Luis Suarez (39) URU
Rooney (75) ENG
Luis Suarez (85) URU

12. Italy - Costa Rica
(20.6.14, 21.30, Recife)
0-1 [0-1]

Ruiz (44) CRC

13. Argentina - Iran
(21.6.14, 21.30, Belo Horizonte)
1-0 [0-0]

Messi (90+1) ARG

14. Belgium - Russia
(22.6.14, 21.30, Rio de Janeiro)
1-0 [0-0]

Origi (88) BEL

15. Holland - Chile
(23.6.14, 21.30, Sao Paulo)
2-0 [0-0]

Fer (77) HOL
Depay (90+2) HOL

16. Italy - Uruguay
(24.6.14, 21.30, Natal)
0-1 [0-0]

Godin (81) URU

17. Nigeria - Argentina
(25.6.14, 21.30, Porto Alegre) 


2-3 [1-2]

Messi (3) ARG
Musa (4) NGA
Messi (45+1) ARG
Musa (47) NGA
Rojo (50) ARG

18. USA - Germany
(26.6.14, 21.30, Recife)
0-1 [0-0]

Mueller (55) GER

19. Brazil - Chile
(Pre-Quarter, 28.6.14, 21.30, Belo Horizonte)
3-2 PSO [1-1 ET2], [1-1 ET1], [1-1 FT], [1-1 HT]

David Luiz (18) BRA
Sanchez (32) CHI

PSO 1: David Luiz (BRA) -    Pinilla (CHI) -
PSO 2: Willian (BRA) - ☒  Sanchez (CHI) -
PSO 3: Marcelo (BRA) -    Aranguiz (CHI) -
PSO 4: Hulk (BRA) - ☒  Diaz (CHI) -
PSO 5: Neymar (BRA) -   Jara (CHI) -

20. Holland - Mexico
(Pre-Quarter, 29.6.14, 21.30, Fortaleza)
2-1 [0-0]

Dos Santos (48) MEX
Sneijder (88) HOL
Huntelaar [P] (90+4) HOL

21. France - Nigeria
(Pre-Quarter, 30.6.14, 21.30, Brasilia)
2-0 [0-0]

Pogba (80) FRA
Yobo (90+2) [OG] FRA

22. Argentina - Switzerland
(Pre-Quarter, 1.7.14, 21.30, Sao Paulo)
1-0 [0-0 ET1], [0-0 FT], [0-0 HT]

Di Maria (118) ARG

23. France - Germany
(Quarter, 4.7.14, 21.30, Rio de Janeiro)
0-1 [0-1]

Hummels (13) GER

24. Brazil - Colombia
(Quarter, 5.7.14, 01.30, Fortaleza)
2-1 [1-0]

T. Silva (7) BRA
D. Luiz (69) BRA
Rodriguez [P] (80) COL

25. Argentina - Belgium
(Quarter, 5.7.14, 21.30, Brasilia)
1-0 [1-0]

Higuein (8) ARG

26. Holland - Costa Rica
(Quarter, 6.7.14, 01.30, Salvador)
4-3 PSO [0-0 ET2]

PSO 1: Borges (CRC) - Van Persie (HOL) -   
PSO 2: Ruiz (CRC) - ☒  Robben (HOL) -   
PSO 3: Gonzalez (CRC) -   Sneijder (HOL) -
PSO 4: Bolanos (CRC) -   Kuyt (HOL) -
PSO 5: Umana (CRC) -

27. Brazil - Germany
(Semi Final, 9.7.14, 01.30, Belo Horizonte)
1-7 [0-5]

Mueller (11) GER
Klose (23) GER
Kroos (24) GER
Kroos (26) GER
Khedira (29) GER
Schuerrle (69) GER
Schuerrle (79) GER
Oscar (90) BRA

28. Holland - Argentina
(Semi Final, 10.7.14, 01.30, Sao Paulo)
2-4 PSO [0-0 ET2]

PSO 1: Vlaar (HOL) -   Messi (ARG) -
PSO 2: Robben (HOL) -   Garay (ARG) -  
PSO 3: Sneijder (HOL) -   Aguero (ARG) -
PSO 4: Kuyt (HOL) -   M. Rodriguez (ARG) -

29. Brazil - Holland
(Loser's Final, 13.7.14, 01.30, Brasilia)
0-3 [0-2]

Van Persie [P] (3) HOL
Blind (17) HOL
Wijnaldum (90+1) HOL

30. Germany - Argentina
(FINAL, 14.7.14, 01.30, Rio de Janeiro)
1-0 [0-0 ET1]

Goetze (113) GER

GERMANY become World Champions in 2014

See my post on World Cup 2010 South Africa

Monday, July 7, 2014

When You are in Coma...

Man walking towards sunset. (I couldn't resist some drama)
Yes, when you are in coma, what would you do? Presumably, nothing. You are unconscious, or at least you have lost control of all sensory body functions, even if your brain retains some vitality. Any way, if your doctors are not able to elicit any response from you, it clearly means that you are dead, may be temporarily. So, coma is temporary death - I know, it is oxymoron, but there is nothing else that precisely convey the same idea.

So, while you are in an unconscious bliss, your dear ones are waiting anxiously at the door, hopeful of getting some good news from the inside to which they are denied entry. Coma may last for many days and even many weeks. The emotional toll the interminable wait exacts from them is beyond imagination, to say nothing of the financial burden. That is, of course, if they love you! But you have to accept it a priori, otherwise the whole facade will crumble down to earth. Naturally you want to relieve their misery, but being in coma, you cannot guide them. What is the viable option here?

Giving instructions to them in advance is the alternative which I am doing here. Verbal instructions are not enough in such critical times, because there may be some distant relations who would want to play the role of 'caring guy' and may dissuade the near ones from putting an end to it all. Hence, the following lines are clear cut, written instructions to my nearest ones.

1. If I am in coma with no favourable prospect of recovery, the life support systems may be switched off after waiting for 48 hours. I don't want to prolong the agony, myself as well as my relatives!


2. All organs which can be donated may be done likewise. The body should be donated to a teaching hospital/medical college.


3. No religious ceremony shall be performed for me, immediately after death or at any time in future.


4. An amount not exceeding 5% of my savings may be entrusted to the local high school in which I studied and the interest accrued on it may be awarded to hard working students who performed exceedingly well in Mathematics, Physics and History.

These are my instructions and I would like to 'see' it followed to the letter.

Saturday, July 5, 2014

Freeing of Nurses - Diplomatic Victory for New Government

Modi government was accumulating criticism over its policy of cutting subsidies for oil, railway fares and the anticipated hike in LPG and kerosene prices. After a brief honeymoon of two weeks, the new government sat down to do business the hard way. But people are not prone to approach an escalation of prices with any hint of rationalism. If the measure somehow affects their purses, they will naturally scorn the hand that pursue this line of action.

The unexpected surge in the activities of the Sunni-led Islamic forces in Iraq was thought to be a thorn in the flesh for the new government, though it is anticipating a drought as well. Hundreds of Indians working in Iraq were caught between the crossfire and many of them were detained by the rebels, which included 46 female nurses. Their plight fanned the flames of national anxiety in the past two weeks. No body had any clue how to rescue them from the clutches of a militia which was overrunning the whole of Iraq before which government troops were meekly putting down their guns and sitting still to be culled like a clutch of chicken! The nation trembled in anticipation at the likely fate of these hapless nurses.

When Delhi began contacting Iraq's neighbouring states to secure the release of hostages, nobody took it seriously. How could the Indian administrators possibly hope to effect the release of Indians from the custody of diehard militants against whom even the Americans are unwilling to deploy their ground troops? Not only that, the fighters declared a caliph who vouched sovereignty over India too. Naturally, everyone thought that the administration was playing for time while praying for the best.

But quite out of the blue, it bore fruit. The real reason behind the impulsive change of heart of the rebels is not clear, but they decided to free the nurses to the relief of the entire country. They were transported to neutral Kurd-controlled territory and flown over to India today. This is a definite diplomatic victory for India and for the rebels too, for their responsible behaviour and maintenance of wartime ethics to civilians.

Until the day when somebody comes out with a book detailing the behind-the-scenes drama, we must thank and congratulate the Modi Sarkar for pulling off this seemingly impossible achievement!

Tuesday, June 24, 2014

Swiss Black Money - Much Ado About Nothing

How shrill was the hue and cry about black money stowed away in Switzerland! Estimates ran to the tune of several tens of thousands of crores in the far away tax haven and it was prophesied that confiscation of the money will put an end to all of our economic woes.

Not any more..

Switzerland has publicized the amount of money illegally stashed away in the Alpine republic. And the amount does not seem to be staggering, by any scale we may care to apply - a mere 14,000 crore rupees!

Suppose for now, that the government succeeded in bringing all the depositors to account and forced them to pay taxes for the till now hidden wealth (government can only make them pay taxes, and cannot confiscate all of it). The highest tax rate in the country is 30%. The maximum that can be obtained is thus Rs. 4,200 crores.

This is paltry sum, as far as the needs of a big nation like India is concerned.

Remember, during the last Deepavali, we used up fire crackers worth Rs. 4,500 crores.

So, the scramble for black money ends in a whimper.

Much ado about nothing! 

Thursday, June 19, 2014

Cleaning the Ganga

Ganga was a highly polluted river even in the 17th century
Cleaning of the river Ganga has obtained a place of prime importance in the new government's agenda due to factors more sentimental than concerns about value for invested money. However, the socio-economic relevance of this mighty river on the Indian mind cannot be denied. In the long run, cleaning of the river would certainly be beneficial to the country and its people in the northern states.

However, the cleaning party must read history before attempting anything solid on the spot. It has been our avowed practice to blame riparian industries for whatever pollution seen manifested in the water body. Industrial contamination of water indeed is a factor of concern, but the industry should not be singled out for the sorry plight of the Ganga. There is historical evidence that even before these industries began, the Ganga was a heavily polluted river. That's the reason why the river cleaners should read history first.

Jean-Baptiste Tavernier was a French jewel merchant who travelled extensively in India between the years 1636 and 1662, overlapping the reigns of Shah Jehan and Aurangzeb. Apart from business, he compiled several volumes of his travelogue which were published from 1675 to 1684. It makes interesting reading what he records near the city of Varanasi in those days. Tavernier says that "Claude Maille, who practised both surgery and medicine advised us not to drink any of the Ganges water, which would produce disturbance of the stomach, but to drink rather the water from wells". If this was the condition of the river in the 17th century, the problem lies deeper than mere industrial contamination and the policy makers should not lose sight of this fact.

At least, an awareness of what went wrong in the past would detain us from making the same mistake again!

(Book referred was published by Low Price Publications, 2007 under the title 'Travels in India' by Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, translated by Dr. Valentine Ball, ISBN 81-7536-206-5, see pages 95-96)

Sunday, June 1, 2014

Pragmatism of Indian Society

Hinduism is riddled with caste and the dynamics it enforces on its members. Untouchability is banned by law, but we know it still exists openly in some isolated places and secretly in the minds of most of us, to be frank. When the issue of marriage crops up, a partner is invariably to be found from one's own caste. And, some even select their friends from the same caste. Thus we say, Hinduism is split into compartments made water-tight by the injunctions of caste dynamics. 

As I remarked before, if one were asked in the future to list out reasons why Hinduism failed and disappeared, caste will be the numero-uno item in that list. It debilitates the body social, splits people unnecessarily on an imaginary criterion and sows dissent. It seems like the withered trunk of Hinduism needs only a shove for the entire tree to come down to a crash.

But still, the religion flourishes and even displays the skill of adaptation to new realities on the economic, social and political fronts. Isn't this a paradox?

The answer to this paradox came out in this general election in which Narendra Modi single-handedly lifted his party from oblivion and rode an unbelievable wave of popular support which silenced all critics and spellbound all opponents. And this, even after he publicly announced his backward caste origins at election rallies. But this was only an anti-climax, because he declared a fact which was known to everybody! We Indians have a sixth-sense of identifying a person's caste after a very few doses of interaction. 

But the redeeming issue at focus is the acceptance of the leader, by all sections of the Hindu society. It didn't become an obstacles for the upper castes to vote for a lower caste leader. Every section of the society forgot their caste affiliations and shared a thought that was percolating through the social mind - whether justified or not. It is often said that "in democracy, people cast their votes, but in India, people vote their caste". This adage was proved false in this election, when all castes came in support of a lower-caste leader and to put him in the most powerful chair of the country.

May be this resilience in the face of a crying need is what instils Hinduism with its vitality and stamina to go strong in a changing world? There may be castes - thousands of them, in fact - but the ability to think and act out of the confines of it has not dried up in the Hindu mind. 

And this sense of acceptance and accommodation makes me surprised pleasantly at the pragmatism of Indian society!

Friday, May 16, 2014

Congratulations and a Word to Narendra Modi

Amazing and stunning! At a loss for words to describe this tremendous victory in the near history of the country. We all thought that the era of single-party rule was over. We reconciled ourselves to the sorry spectacle of corrupt, parochial politicians flexing their muscles in Delhi for petty issues concerning their states. We noted with regret the sight of the nation's prime minister waiting for diktats coming from state headquarters. And some of us even wondered whether the luxury of 'multiparty' democracy can be afforded by third-world countries like ours. When the situation demanded on-the-moment decisions, we had to sit back and wait for consensus to emerge.

Thankfully, it all has ended. One party has secured absolute majority in the House. Obviously, it is part of an alliance, whose partners must be respected and heard before taking policy decisions. But the entire scenario is different. Small, regional parties may concur with strong, national parties, but in no way shall they hold the country to ransom. With absolute majority for the national party, the local ones will automatically come under strict discipline. This must look like a moment of redeeming Indian democracy, when our children look back to this result in a future age, with the benefit of hindsight.

Congratulations, Narendra Modi, on this greatest day of your life. You made great promises, you evoked immense hope, you commanded respect, and you provided a political role model for the youth of the country.

This is no time to rest on your laurels.

India has won and we believe that good days are ahead, as you promised today. Yes, you can. Or rather, together we can! Understandably, the minorities are a little ruffled on your party getting a majority on its own for they had counted on the chance that you would be under the moderating influence of your allies. You shall not differentiate people on the basis of religion. There must not be any appeasement of anyone, but there should be equal justice for all. And equal opportunities.

It is time to take some hard economic decisions. You shall not flinch when the hour comes.
 Our defense is paramount. But there is no alternative for good relations with our neighbours. And there's Kashmir too. We know that you'd done some homework on this issue and tried to initiate a dialogue with separatists. This must be continued. We must talk from a point of strength. Towards Pakistan, your challenge will be to find the right ratio of rhetoric, dialogue and military manouvres.

America once denied you a visa on some laughable accusations. Hope they'll see reason now, and there are indications that a fruitful relationship is possible. You shall not keep grudges towards them for what had happened. This is important as China is still a problem for us.

Corruption is a grave issue for this poor country. You shall uphold your spotless track record. You should watch over your colleagues who might be unscrupulous.

And, one more item before I stop. This is a great moment for the Sangh Parivar. Its mighty propaganda machinery had its most splendid success in history. But, the RSS should now take a back seat. Comments you must give, but not directions, particularly on the economic front. There are people who know it better than you do, really!

This is a historic moment when a son of the backward classes who once sold tea for livelihood ascend the Prime Ministerial chair. This occasion is so cherishable.

Best of luck and may you begin an administrative career which later generations would definitely call Modi-1.

Sunday, April 20, 2014

Coconut Oil - Tests for Detecting Adulteration

Coconut oil is the most common cooking medium in Kerala. Since its price is now on an escalating spiral, lot of adulterants are added to it - like base oil, paraffin oil, palm oil and the like. How to detect presence of additives in the coconut oil we consume? Here is a simple test and other elaborate chemical tests recommended for detection.

Simple test

Place a small bottle of oil in refrigerator. Coconut oil solidifies leaving the adulterant as a Separate layer. 

Chemical tests on edible oils in general

1. Detection of Mobil oil

Take a little amount (20 drops) of the sample in a test tube. Add 10 drops of alcoholic potash. Heat the tube on the flame of a spirit lamp to decolourize the mixture. Add 10 drops of dichloroquinol chloride. Heat the tube again. The appearance of blue colour indicates the presence of a compound of triorthocrysyle phosphate (TOCP) which contributes to incidence of paralysis. Traces of this compound in edible oil to an admixture of edible oil with mobil oil.

2. Rancidity

Take a little amount (3 ml) of the sample in a test tube. Add in it 3 ml of hydrochloric acid. Plug the mouth of the test tube. Shake the tube to mix up the contents thoroughly. Add 3 ml of 0.1% phloroglucinol solution in ether. Shake the tube vigorously for 2 minutes and keep it aside. Examine the tube after half an hour. A red or pink colouration in acid layer indicates that the oil sample in rancid.

3. Cyanide

Take a little amount (3 ml) of the sample in a test tube. Add 10 drops of alcoholic potash and heat the tube on the flame of a spirit lamp. Make an addition of a little amount of each of ferrous sulphate and ferric chloride in the test tube and shake it to mix up the contents thoroughly. Add 3 ml of hydrochloric acid. A blue colouration indicates the presence of hydrocyanic acid which gets produced due to presence of cyanide in edible oil.

4. Prohibited Colour

Take a little amount (20 drops) of the sample in each of 4 test tubes. Prepare 3 different solutions, mixing up 1 part of distilled water, 3 parts of distilled water and 4 parts of distilled water. Add 2 ml of each solution in each of 3 test tubes and add 2 ml of hydrochloric acid in the fourth test tube. Shake each tube to mix up the contents thoroughly. A rosy colouration in the mixture of any tube indicates the presence of prohibited colour in edible oil.